Plot Kharidne Se Pehle Kaun Se Documents Check Karein? (Complete Checklist)
By SachaGhar Team ·
Apna plot lena bahut logon ka sapna hota hai — pehle zameen, phir apna ghar. Lekin plot buying mein sabse badi galti hoti hai jaldi mein token de dena aur documents baad mein dekhna. Ek baar paisa chala gaya aur baad mein title mein problem nikli, toh case saalon tak chal sakta hai.
Yeh guide aapko ek simple checklist deti hai ki plot kharidne se pehle kaun se documents zaroor check karein. Dhyaan rahe: property ke rules aur document ke naam har state mein alag ho sakte hain, isliye final decision se pehle apne state ke official portal, sub-registrar office aur ek qualified property lawyer se verify zaroor karein.
1. Sale Deed / Title Deed — Seller sach mein maalik hai?
Sabse pehla sawaal: jo vyakti plot bech raha hai, kya woh legally uska maalik hai?
- Seller ki current sale deed (title deed) ki copy maangiye.
- Deed mein seller ka naam, plot number, size, boundaries aur location dhyaan se match karein.
- Seller ka ID proof (jaise Aadhaar, PAN) deed ke naam se match hona chahiye.
- Agar property joint ownership mein hai, toh sabhi co-owners ki sahmati aur signature zaroori hote hain.
Original deed dekhne ki request zaroor karein, sirf photocopy par bharosa na karein.
2. Title Chain (Mother Deed) — Pichhle saalon ka record
Sirf aaj ka maalik dekhna kaafi nahi hai. Zameen pehle kis-kis ke paas rahi, yeh bhi pata hona chahiye. Isse chain of title ya kai jagah mother deed kehte hain.
- Pichhle owners ki deeds ka sequence maangiye, taaki ownership ka transfer bina gap ke dikhe.
- Agar beech mein koi inheritance (virasat) hua hai, toh related documents jaise legal heir certificate ya will ki copy dekhiye.
- Kitne saal pichhe tak ka record check karna chahiye, yeh aapka lawyer aapke state aur case ke hisaab se batayega.
3. Encumbrance Certificate (EC) — Plot par loan ya case toh nahi?
Encumbrance Certificate batata hai ki registered records ke hisaab se property par koi loan, mortgage ya doosra registered transaction toh nahi hai.
- EC aam taur par sub-registrar office ya state ke registration portal se milta hai (process state ke hisaab se alag hai).
- Agar plot par bank loan chal raha hai, toh pehle loan close karwana aur bank se NOC lena zaroori hai.
- Saath hi local court records ya lawyer ke through yeh bhi check karwaayein ki plot par koi dispute ya case toh pending nahi hai.
4. Mutation / Khata / Revenue Records
Registry ke baad zameen ka record local revenue department ya municipal body mein bhi update hota hai. Isse alag-alag states mein mutation, dakhil-kharij, khata, jamabandi, 7/12 extract jaise naam se jaana jaata hai.
- Check karein ki revenue record mein bhi seller ka naam hi current owner ke roop mein darj hai.
- Kai states mein land records online dekhe ja sakte hain — apne state ke official land records portal par plot ka khasra/survey number daal kar verify karein.
- Agar registry aur revenue record mein naam alag hai, toh aage badhne se pehle reason clear karwaayein.
5. Land Use — Agricultural ya Residential?
Yeh point bahut log miss karte hain. Har zameen par ghar banana allowed nahi hota.
- Agar zameen agricultural hai aur aap ghar banana chahte ho, toh aksar use non-agricultural / residential use ke liye convert karwana padta hai. Is conversion ka order ya certificate maangiye.
- Agricultural land kaun kharid sakta hai, is par bhi kuch states mein restrictions hote hain. Apne state ka rule official source se confirm karein.
- Local development authority ke master plan / zoning mein plot kis use ke liye marked hai (residential, commercial, green belt), yeh bhi check karein.
Agricultural aur residential land mein fark samajhna aapka bahut paisa aur tension bacha sakta hai.
6. Approved Layout Plan — Colony ya project approved hai?
Agar plot kisi colony, township ya gated project mein hai:
- Colony ka layout plan concerned authority (jaise development authority, municipal corporation ya town planning department) se approved hai ya nahi, yeh check karein.
- Layout mein aapka plot number, road width, parks aur common area kaise dikhaye gaye hain, site par bhi wahi hona chahiye.
- Unapproved colonies mein baad mein building plan pass karwana, bijli-paani connection ya loan lena mushkil ho sakta hai.
7. RERA Registration (Plotted Projects ke liye)
Kai plotted development projects bhi RERA (Real Estate Regulatory Authority) ke under register karne hote hain, depending on project ka size aur state ke rules.
- Developer se project ka RERA registration number maangiye.
- Apne state ke official RERA website par number daal kar project details, approvals aur timeline verify karein.
- Agar developer kahe ki RERA "zaroori nahi" hai, toh iska reason samjhiye aur official portal ya lawyer se confirm karein.
8. Property Tax, Bills aur Dues
- Pichhle property tax ya land revenue receipts maangiye, taaki koi pending dues aapke sar na aaye.
- Agar society ya colony maintenance hai, toh uska bhi no-dues letter lein.
9. Power of Attorney se Deal? Extra Savdhaan
Agar seller khud nahi, balki kisi Power of Attorney (POA) holder ke through bech raha hai:
- POA document registered hai ya nahi, aur usmein bechne ka adhikar clearly likha hai ya nahi, check karein.
- Asli maalik zinda hai aur POA cancel nahi hua hai, yeh confirm karna zaroori hai.
- POA-based deals mein risk zyada hota hai, isliye lawyer ki salah ke bina aage na badhein.
10. Site Visit aur Measurement
Documents ke saath zameen par khud jaana bhi utna hi zaroori hai.
- Plot ki boundaries aur size ka measurement (demarcation) documents ke saath match karein.
- Aas-paas ke logon se poochiye — koi kabza, dispute ya rasta ka jhagda toh nahi?
- Road access, drainage, bijli aur paani ki availability dekhiye.
Token Dene Se Pehle Quick Checklist
- Seller ki sale deed aur ID match ho gayi
- Title chain clear hai
- Encumbrance certificate saaf hai, koi loan nahi
- Revenue/mutation record mein seller ka naam hai
- Land use residential hai ya conversion ho chuka hai
- Layout approved hai aur RERA (agar lagu ho) verify hai
- Tax dues clear hain
- Lawyer ne documents review kar liye hain
Token amount hamesha likhit agreement ke saath aur traceable mode (bank transfer/cheque) se dein, cash mein nahi.
SachaGhar Par Plot Kaise Dhoondhein
SachaGhar par aap Land, Plot, Apartment, Villa, Ghar aur Shop — sab buy/sell listings ek jagah dekh sakte hain. Shehar ke hisaab se plots dekhne ke liye Jaipur, Lucknow, Indore, Pune, Ahmedabad ya Bengaluru ke pages dekhein.
SachaGhar par aap seedha SachaGhar team se baat karte hain — hum owner aur buyer ke beech coordinate karte hain, taaki aapko site visit aur documents ki jaankari ek hi jagah se mile.
Property bechna chahte hain? Hamari guide listing ko attractive kaise banayein padhiye. Aur agar aap broker ya property dealer hain, toh SachaGhar Partner program se judiye.
FAQ — Plot Documents Ke Baare Mein Aam Sawaal
Q1. Plot kharidne se pehle sabse zaroori document kaunsa hai? Sale deed (title deed) aur uski poori title chain sabse important hain, kyunki inhi se pata chalta hai ki seller legally maalik hai. Saath mein encumbrance certificate aur revenue record bhi zaroor check karein.
Q2. Encumbrance certificate kahan se milta hai? Aam taur par sub-registrar office se ya state ke online registration portal se. Process aur fees state ke hisaab se alag hote hain, isliye apne state ka official portal check karein.
Q3. Kya agricultural land par ghar bana sakte hain? Aksar pehle land use conversion karwana padta hai. Rules har state mein alag hain, isliye local revenue department ya development authority se confirm karein.
Q4. Kya har plot ke liye RERA registration zaroori hai? Nahi, yeh project ke type, size aur state ke rules par depend karta hai. Plotted project hai toh developer se RERA number maangiye aur state RERA website par verify karein.
Q5. Kya lawyer se documents check karwana zaroori hai? Legally har case mein compulsory na ho, lekin plot jaisi badi investment mein ek qualified property lawyer se title verification karwana bahut samajhdaari hai.
Disclaimer: Yeh article sirf general jaankari ke liye hai, legal advice nahi. Property rules state ke hisaab se badalte hain — kisi bhi deal se pehle official sources aur qualified professional se verify karein.